Ontology vs. Epistemology

Ontological study concerns itself with the nature of the subject, while epistemology is the question of how we know what we think we know about that subject. For example, consider studying a basketball. First, it is necesary to determine what about the ball is being examined. The ball is physically round, it is rubery and has a somewhat rough exterior; these are physical properties. In addition to these, the ball is orangish-brown in color; the color of the ball is an idea, it is percieved only by view. Looking at the ball this way is an ontological aproach. Once it is decided what aspect of the ball is to be examined may that be its color, weight or texture, the epistemological considerations for how to know what it is we are learning about the ball change.