¹tn Heb “fell on.” The expression describes Joseph’s unrestrained sorrow over Jacob’s death; he probably threw himself across the body and embraced his father.

²tn Heb “his servants the physicians.”

³tn Heb “and forty days were fulfilled for him, for thus are fulfilled the days of embalming.”

⁴tn Heb “wept.”

⁵sn Seventy days. This probably refers to a time of national mourning.

⁶tn Heb “weeping.”

⁷tn Heb “the house of Pharaoh.”

⁸tn Heb “in the ears of Pharaoh.”

⁹tn Heb “saying.”

¹⁰tn The imperfect verbal form here has the force of a command.

¹¹tn Heb “he made you swear on oath.”

¹²tn Or “dignitaries”; Heb “elders.”

¹³tn Heb “camp.”

¹⁴sn The location of the threshing floor of Atad is not certain. The expression the other side of the Jordan could refer to the eastern or western bank, depending on one’s perspective. However, it is commonly used in the OT for Transjordan. This would suggest that the entourage came up the Jordan Valley and crossed into the land at Jericho, just as the Israelites would in the time of Joshua.

¹⁵tn Heb “and they mourned there [with] very great and heavy mourning.” The cognate accusative, as well as the two adjectives and the adverb, emphasize the degree of their sorrow.

¹⁶tn Heb “this is heavy mourning for Egypt.”

¹⁷tn The verb has no expressed subject and so it may be translated as passive.

¹⁸sn The name Abel Mizraim means “the mourning of Egypt.”

¹⁹tn The imperfect tense could be a simple future; it could also have a desiderative nuance.

²⁰tn The infinitive absolute makes the statement emphatic, “repay in full.”

²¹tn Or “evil.”

²²tn The verb means “command,” but they would hardly be commanding him. It probably means they sent their father’s instructions to Joseph.

²³tn Heb “and Joseph wept when they spoke to him.”

²⁴tn Heb “For am I”

²⁵tn Heb “you devised against me evil.”

²⁶tn Heb “God devised it for good in order to do, like this day, to preserve alive a great nation.”

²⁷tn Heb “spoke to their heart.”

²⁸tn Heb “he and the house of his father.”

²⁹tn Heb “saw Ephraim, the children of the third.”

³⁰tn Heb “they were born on the knees of Joseph.” This expression implies their adoption by Joseph, which meant that they received an inheritance from him.

³¹tn The verb dq^P* (P*q^d) means “to visit,” i.e., to intervene for blessing or cursing; here Joseph announces that God would come to fulfill the promises by delivering them from Egypt. The statement is emphasized by the use of the infinitive absolute with the verb: “God will surely visit you.”

³²tn The words “to give” are supplied in the translation for clarity and for stylistic reasons.

³³tn Heb “son of a hundred and ten years.”

³⁴tn Heb “he.”